微信公众号「张强医疗科技」

全球CHIVA项目

最新进展

请通过此链接进行注册: https://globalchiva.talentlms.com/plus/

项目背景

Inteleos与张强医生集团双方分别于华盛顿特区马里兰州洛克维尔市和中国上海市两地，在2021年5月14日周五晚间22时（北京时间），在线上签署了合作备忘录，正式启动全球CHIVA教育培训与认证项目。双方将致力于为全球医生、相关医疗产业以及最重要的，我们的患者，建立医疗质量标准、认证项目、教育培训计划，以及风险管理策略。

CHIVA介绍

CHIVA是法语Cure Conservatrice et Hemodynamique de l′Insufficience Veineuse en Ambulatoire的简称。

1988年由法国血管外科医生Dr. Claude Franceschi首次提出。CHIVA是取代传统破坏性手术的静脉曲张治疗方法。该技术的目的是降低浅表静脉系统中的跨壁压，避免静脉的破坏。

其主要优势在于：保留静脉，手术采用局部麻醉、低复发率、无明显疼痛、无神经损伤。

但也存在学习曲线长的缺点：医生需要较长时间才能够全面掌握静脉血流动力学方面的知识和技巧。

两大机构介绍

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张强医生集团（Dr. Smile Medical Group）成立于2014年，是一家专注于血管外科临床服务以及静脉疾病诊断和治疗的医疗组织，旗下拥有多家医疗服务机构、医学教育平台、医疗技术与器械研发。张强医生于2011年进行了中国首例CHIVA手术，张强医生集团从2017年开始全面培训医生掌握CHIVA技术。

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Inteleos是一个全球知名的非营利性医学认证组织，管理以下理事会和基金会：美国注册超声诊断医师协会®（ARDMS®），医师认证和继续教育联盟™（APCA™），Point-of-care床旁即时超声认证学院™和Inteleos基金会。在过去40多年的时间里，已经有来自70个国家的超过158,000位超声医师、医生和其他医学影像专业人士，获得了来自ARDMS，APCA和POCUS认证学院的认证。

张强医生集团作为全球有影响力的静脉曲张专科团队，在上海、北京、深圳、济南和天津等城市拥有国际高标准的静脉曲张CHIVA中心，同时在非洲和美国承担海外静脉曲张CHIVA培训项目。

张强医生集团携手全球优秀静脉专家，与国际知名医学认证机构INTELEOS共同发起和负责全球CHIVA认证和培训项目，致力于提升全球静脉曲张诊疗水平。

全球CHIVA认证项目工作组成员

The Global CHIVA Program Working Group Members

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Bei Ma

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Hannah Simmons, MA, PMP, CSPO

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Emily Gildner

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Jennifer Larson

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Xin Du

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Lei Su

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Jianping Deng

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Xuan Su

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Linda Wang

全球CHIVA认证项目组专家成员

The Current Members of the Global CHIVA Advisory Panel

  • Dr. Maria Caminati
  • Dr. Massimo Cappelli
  • Dr. Roberto Cuaranta
  • Dr. Michel Dadon
  • Dr. Jianping Deng
  • Dr. Luca De Siena
  • Dr. Roberto Delfrate
  • Dr. Xin Du
  • Dr. Stefano Ermini
  • Dr. José María Escribano
  • Dr. Felipe Puricelli Faccini
  • Dr. Davide Foresti
  • Dr. Guglielmo Fornasari
  • Dr. Claude Franceschi
  • Dr. Gelfrido Galizi
  • Dr. Sergyi Kryzhanovskyi
  • Dr. Andres Jorge Kupelian
  • Dr. Thanh-Phong Le
  • Dr. Erika Mendoza
  • Dr. Domenico Migaldi
  • Dr. Fausto Passariello
  • Dr. Mauro Pinelli
  • Dr. Juha Pitkaenen
  • Dr. Manuel Eugenio Senín Fernández
  • Dr. Qiang Zhang
  • Dr. Xiaoyin Zhu
  • Dr. Lei Su

全球CHIVA相关书籍文献

ARTICLES FOCUSING ON THE PRESENTATION OF CHIVA THERAPY

（Research literature on CHIVA）

  • Franceschi, C. (1989). The conservative and hemodynamic treatment of ambulatory venous insufficiency. Phlebologie, 42(4), 567.
  • FRANCESCHI,, & FRANCO, G. (1989). La cure CHIVA Discussion. Phlébologie, 42(4),567-568.
  • Mandolesi,, Ballo, M., Galeandro, I., Filippo, S., Migaldi, D., Spinelli, F., … & Passariello, (1990). The 1st national multicenter study of the CHIVA (Conservative Therapy and Hemodynamicsin Venous Insufficiency in Outpatient Departments) method of treatment of varices. One-year follow-up. Annali italiani di chirurgia, 61(4), 425-427.
  • CONSIGLIO L., GIORGI G.: Terapia di exeresi o conservativa?Minerva Ang. 1991;16, sup.1: pp. 442–3.
  • Melliere, D., Cales, B., Martin-Jonathan, C., & Schadeck, M. (1991). Necessity of reconciling the objectives of the treatment of varices and arterial surgery. Practical consequences. Journal des maladies vasculaires, 16(2), 171-178.
  • Franceschi C. La cure conservatrice hémodynamique de l’insuffisance veineuse ambulatoire (chiva) [Conservative hemodynamic ambulatory treatment of venous insufficiency]. Soins Chir. 1992;(133):29-31.
  • Franceschi La cure hémodynamique de l’insuffisance veineuse en ambulatoire (CHIVA) [Ambulatory and hemodynamic treatment of venous insufficiency (CHIVA cure)]. J Mal Vasc. 1992;17(4):291-300.
  • Bailly M. La cure hémodynamique de l’insuffisance veineuse en ambulatoire (CHIVA).Présentationd’un cas particulier [Ambulatory and hemodynamic treatment of venous insufficiency (CHIVA cure). Report of an atypical case]. J Mal Vasc. 1992;17(3):241-249.
  • Hugentobler JP, Blanchemaison P. La cure hémodynamique de l’insuffisance veineuse en ambulatoire (CHIVA). Etude de 96 patients opérés de juin 1988 à juin 1990 [Ambulatoryand hemodynamic treatment of venous insufficiency (CHIVA cure). Study of 96 patients operated on between June 1988 and June 1990]. J Mal Vasc. 1992;17(3):218-223.
  • Bailly, (1993). Cartographie CHIVA. Encyclopédie Médico-Chirurgicale. Paris 43-161-B: 1–4.
  • Franceschi, (1993). La cure CHIVA et la critique: 14 réponses et 1 conclusion. STV. Sang thrombose vaisseaux, 5(7), 491-497.
  • ZamboniP, Murgia AP, Vasquez G, Zandi G, Mari C, Liboni  La chirurgia venosa videoassistita [Video-assisted venous surgery]. Ann Ital Chir. 1995;66(3):379-386.
  • Zamboni,, Feo, C. V., Marcellino, M. G., Vasquez, G., & Mari, C. (1996). Haemodynamic correction of varicose veins (CHIVA): An effective treatment?. Phlebology, 11(3), 98-101.
  • di Chirurgia Generale, U. O. ILTRATTAMENTO DELLE VARICI DEGLI ARTI INFERIORI MEDIANTE CHIVA 2. NOSTRA ESPERIENZA.
  • A BANHINI,C Franceschi, X Mouren, P Caillard et : Superficial venous insufficiency JOURNAL DES MALADIES VASCULAIRES, 1996
  • FRANCESCHI, C.: Physiopathologie hémodynamique de l’insuffisance veineuse des membres inférieurs (1997) Actualités Vasculaires Internationales, 22, pp. 17-27
  • FRANCESCHI C. La Cure Hemodynamique de l’Insuffisance Veineuse en Ambulatoire.: Journal des Maladies Vasculaires. 1997 ; 22 (2) :91-95
  • CAPPELLI et Al.: Criteri di scelta della Strategia CHIVA Arch. Soc. Ital. Chirurgia 4, 118, 1998
  • Cappelli, M., Lova, R. M., Ermini, S., Turchi, A., Bono, G., & Franceschi, C. (1999). POSTERS-Conservative surgery of the saphenous trunks. Journal des Maladies Vasculaires, 24, 103-103.
  • Mendoza, E. (2002). Einteilung der Rezirkulationen im Bein: anatomische und physiologische Grundlagen der CHIVA-Methode. Phlebologie, 31(01), 01-08.
  • Criado, E., Luján, S., Izquierdo, L., Puras, E., Gutierrez, M., & Fontcuberta, J. (2002, March). Conservative hemodynamic surgery for varicose veins. In Seminars in Vascular Surgery (Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 27-33). WB Saunders.
  • Mendoza, (2002). CHIVA-Alternative oder Erganzung zum Stripping. VASOMED-BONN-, 14(1), 6-17.
  • Hach, (2002). Was ist CHIVA?. Gefässchirurgie, 7(4), 244-250.
  • Mendoza, E. (2002). Einteilung der Rezirkulationen im Bein: anatomische und physiologische Grundlagen der CHIVA-Methode. Phlebologie, 31(01), 01-08.
  • JUAN-SAMSO’ J.: Venous haemodynamic surgery in the treatment of varicose syndrome (2003) Angiologia, 55 (5), pp. 460-475.
  • Cappelli, M., Molino Lova, R., Ermini, S., Franceschi, C., & PERRIN, M. (2002). Nouvelle approche de la physiopathologie de l’insuffisance veineuse superficielle: Conséquences thérapeutiques. Discussion: Indications thérapeutiques et nouvelles techniques de traitement en phlébologie. Phlébologie, 55(1), 27-31.
  • Criado,, Juan, J., Fontcuberta, J., & Escribano, J. M. (2003). Haemodynamic surgery for varicose veins: rationale, and anatomic and haemodynamic basis. Phlebology, 18(4), 158-166.
  • Criado, E., Juan, J., Fontcuberta, J., & Escribano, J. M. (2003). Haemodynamic surgery for varicose veins: rationale, and anatomic and haemodynamic basis. Phlebology,18(4), 158-166.
  • PITTALUGA, P. (2008). MISE AU POINT CONCERNANT les COMMENTAIRES sur la CURE CHIVAdans l’ARTICLE des Drs P. PITTALUGA et S. CHASTANET:«TECHNIQUE et TRAITEMENT des VARICES: COMMENT CHOISIR?». Phlébologie, 61(4), 428-430.
  • Passariello, (2008). Suppression of the sapheno-femoral reflux by pure non-saphenous phlebectomy and anatomical structure of the reflux. Acta Phlebologica, 9(3), 105-7.
  • Franceschi, C. (2008). Hémodynamique de la maladie postphlébitique: conséquences diagnostiques et thérapeutiques. Journal des Maladies Vasculaires, 33, S5.
  • Franceschi, C. (2008). Hémodynamique de la maladie postphlébitique: conséquences diagnostiques et thérapeutiques. Journal des Maladies Vasculaires, 33, S5.
  • Mowatt-Larssen E, Shortell C. CHIVA. Semin Vasc Surg. 2010;23(2):118-122. doi:10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2010.01.008.
  • Mowatt-LarssenE, Shortell  Treatment of primary varicose veins has changed with the introduction of new techniques. Semin Vasc Surg. 2012;25(1):18-24. doi:10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2012.02.002
  • Casian, D. (2012). Metode contemporane de tratament al maladiei varicoase. Buletinul Academiei de Ştiinţe a Moldovei. Ştiinţe Medicale, 33(1), 319-322.
  • Onida, S., & Davies, A. H. (2015). CHIVA, ASVAL and related techniques–Concepts and evidence. Phlebology, 30(2_suppl), 42-45.
  • Gianesini, S., Occhionorelli, S., Menegatti, E., Zuolo, M., Tessari, M., Spath, P., … & Zamboni, P. (2015). CHIVAstrategy in chronic venous disease treatment: instructions for users. Phlebology, 30(3), 157-171.
  • Zamboni, P., & Gianesini, S. (2016). Surgical technique for deep venous reflux suppression in femoral vein duplication. EJVES Short Reports, 30, 10-12.
  • PUSKÁS A. et Al.:HAEMODYNAMIC MAPPING OF CHRONIC VENOUS INSUFFICIENCY:THECONCEPT OF SHUNTS VÉNÁK BETEGSÉGEI Érbetegségek,XXIII. évfolyam 4. szám, 2016/4.
  • Faccini FP, Arendt AL, Pereira RQ, de Oliveira AR. CHIVA to spare the small and great saphenous veins after wrong-site surgery on a normal saphenous vein: a case report. J Vasc Bras. 2019;18:e20180077. Published 2019 Jan 7. doi:10.1590/1677-5449.007718

ARTICLES CONCERNING SUBJECTES OF CHIVA PROCEDURE NOT IN TERMS OF RECURRENCES / CLINIC DATA BUT OF BIOCHEMICAL, HEMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS, THROMBOSES AND COMPLICATIONS

（Clinical data on biomechanics, hemodynamics, thrombosis, and complications of CHIVA treatment）

  • CAPPELLI et Al.: Considerazioni sul ruolo fisiopatologico delle perforanti nella varicosi essenziale, quale presupposto alla concezione terapeutica dell’intervento CHIVA Ospedali d’Italia – Chirurgia nov–dic 1991, vol. XLIV n°6, pp.425–438.
  • ZamboniP, Marcellino MG, Feo CV, et  Alternative saphenous vein sparing surgery for future grafting. Panminerva Med. 1995;37(4):190-197.
  • Mendoza, E. (2018). Perioperative Management in Saphenous Sparing Surgery. In SaphenousVein-Sparing Strategies in Chronic Venous Disease (pp. 239-250). Springer,
  • Zamboni P, Cisno C, Marchetti F, Quaglio D, Mazza P, Liboni A. Reflux elimination without any ablation or disconnection of the saphenous vein. Ahaemodynamic model for venous surgery. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2001;21(4):361-369.
  • FRANCESCHI: CHIVA effectiveness score: the correct one is below.Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2012 Sep;44(3):351; author reply 352.
  • Maldonado-Fernández,, López-Espada, C., Martínez-Gámez, F. J., Mata-Campos, J. E., Galán-Zafra, M., & Sánchez-Maestre, M. (2010). Complicaciones postoperatorias de la estrategia CHIVA para el tratamiento de la insuficiencia venosa crónica. Angiología, 62(3), 91-96.
  • MENDOZA, BERGER V., ZOLLMANN C., BOMHOFF M., AMSLER F., Calibrereduction of great saphenous vein and common femoral vein after CHIVA Phlebologie, 2011, 40(2): pp. 73–78
  • MENDOZA, Diameter reduction of the great saphenous vein and the common femoralvein after CHIVA Long–term results, Phlebologie, 2013, 42: pp. 65–69
  • MENDOZA: Crossectomy of the great saphenous vein with the CHIVA method (2004) Vasomed, 16 (2), pp. 46-48.
  • DELFRATE, BRICCHI M., FRANCESCHI C., GOLDONI M., Multiple ligation of the proximal greater saphenous vein in the CHIVA treatment of primary varicose veins, Veins and Lymphatics, 2014, 3: pp. 19–22
  • MENDOZAE, AMSLER , CHIVA with endoluminal procedures: LASER versus VNUS –treatment of the saphenofemoral junction, Phlebologie, 2017, 46: pp. 5–12.
  • PASSARIELLO F. et: The office based CHIVA Journal of Vascular Diagnostics 26 September 2013 Volume 2013:1 Pages 13—20
  • Gianesini, S., Menegatti, E., Zuolo, M.,Tessari, M., Ascanelli, S., Occhionorelli, S., & Zamboni,  (2013). Short endovenous laser ablation of the great saphenous vein in a modified CHIVA strategy. Veins and Lymphatics, e21-e21.
  • Gianesini, S., Menegatti, E., Malagoni, M., Occhionorelli, S., & Zamboni, P. (2017). Mini-invasive high-tie by clip apposition versus crossectomy by ligature: Long-term outcomes and review of the available therapeutic options. Phlebology, 32(4), 249-255.
  • Gianesini, S., Menegatti, E., Malagoni, M., Occhionorelli, S., & Zamboni, P. (2017). Mini-invasive high-tie by clip apposition versus crossectomy by ligature: Long-term outcomes and review of the available therapeutic options. Phlebology, 32(4), 249-255.
  • Tisato, V., Zauli, G., Gianesini, S., Menegatti, E., Brunelli, L., Manfredini, R., … & Secchiero, P. (2014). Modulation of circulating cytokine-chemokine profile in patients affected by chronic venous insufficiency undergoing surgical hemodynamic correction. Journal of immunology research, 2014.
  • Gianesini,, Menegatti, E., Zuolo, M., Tessari, M., Spath, P., Ascanelli, S., … & Zamboni, (2015).Laser assisted strategy for reflux abolition in a-modified CHIVA approach. Veins and Lymphatics, 4(2).
  • Zamboni,, Spath, P., Tisato, V., Tessari, M., Dalla Caneva, P., Menegatti, E., … & Secchiero, P. (2016). Oscillatory flow suppression improves inflammation in chronic venous disease. Journal of Surgical Research, 205(1), 238-245.
  • Delfrate, R. (2019). Thanks to the CHIVAstrategy, may the histoarchitecture of great saphenous vein-sparing, make it suitable as graft for bypasses?. Veins and Lymphatics, 8(1).
  • ZAMBONI et Al.: Alternative saphenous vein sparing surgery for future grafting. Panminerva Med. 1995 Dec;37(4):190-7.
  • Mendoza, M. Cappelli : Sclerotherapy technique in CHIVA strategy Phlebologie 2017; 46(02): 66-74
  • FERRACANI: A Change of a Paradigm Under the Scope of a Cardiovascular Surgeon. Remodeling of the Great Saphenous Vein Instead of Ablation for Preservation of the Patient Anatomical Capital Cardiology December 30, 2019 ecronicon.com open access
  • MENDOZA : Does the suture material influence the outcome after high ligation of great saphenous vein? Vasa (2020), 49 (2), 153–155

ARTICLES CONCERNING THE RESULTS OF CHIVA PROCEDURE IN TERM OF RECURRENCES / CLINIC DATA WITHOUT COMPARISON WITH OTHER METHODS

（Non-controlled clinical studies on recurrence rates and clinical data of CHIVA treatment）

  • FICHELLEJM, Carbone P, Franceschi : Results of ambulatory and hemodynamic treatment of venous insufficiency (CHIVA cure) J Mal Vasc. 1992;17(3):224-8.
  • BAILLY: Resultats de la cure Chiva In techniqueset stratégie en chirurgie vasculaire. Jubilé de J.M. Cormier. Edition A.E.R.C.Paris 1992: 255-71
  • HUGENTOBLERP., BLANCHMAISON P.: CHIVA cure. Etude de 96 patients opres de juin1988 a juin 1990 J. Mal. Vasc., 1992, 17: pp. 218–23.
  • QUINTANA et Al.:The CHIVA cure of varices of the lower extremities. La Cure Conservatrice et Hemodynamique de l’Insuffisance Veineuse en Ambulatoire Angiologia. 1993 Mar-Apr;45(2):64, 66-7
  • ZAMBONI: When CHIVA treatment could be video guided. Dermatol Surg. 1995 Jul;21(7):621-5.
  • ZAMBONI et AL.: Angiovideo-assisted hemodynamic correction of varicose veins. Int Angiol. 1995 Jun;14(2):202-8.
  • BAHNINIA, Bailly M, Chiche L, Franceschi C.: Ambulatory conservative hemodynamic correction of venous insufficiency. Technique, results. Ann Chir. 1997;51(7):749-60.
  • CAPPELLI et Al.: I risultati della cura CHIVA. Osp Ital Chir 1998; 4: 615-8.
  • ZAMBONI, MARCELLINO M.G., CAPPELLI M., FEO C.V., BRESADOLA V., VASQUEZ G., LIBONI A., Saphenous vein sparing surgery: principles, techniques and results, J.. Cardiovasc. Surg., Torino 1998 Apr, 39(2): pp. 151–62.
  • CAPPELLI M. et Al. “Ambulatory conservative hemodynamic management of varicose veins: critical analysis of results at 3 years” ANNALS OF VASCULAR SURGERY 2000 Vol 14 n°4 pag 376-384
  • ESCRIBANOM., JUAN J., BOFILL R., MAESO J., RODRÍGUEZ–MORI A., MATAS M., Durability of reflux–elimination by a minimal invasive CHIVA procedure on patients with varicose veins. A 3–year prospective case study, Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg., 2003, 25: pp. 159–63.
  • ZAMBONI P, ESCRIBANO JM.: Regarding ‘Reflux Elimination Without anyAblation or Disconnection of the Saphenous  A Haemodynamic Model for Venous Surgery’ and ‘Durability of Reflux-elimination by a Minimal Invasive CHIVA Procedure on Patients with Varicose Veins. A 3-year Prospective Case Study’. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2004 Nov;28(5):567.
  • ESTEBAN-GRACIA et Al.: Application of the CHIVA strategy. A prospective study at one year Angiologia 2004, 56 (3), pp. 227-235.
  • LINARES-RUIZ, P., Bonell-Pascual, A., Llort-Pont, C., Romera, A., Lapiedra-Mur, O. : Mid-term results of applying the CHIVA strategy to the external saphenous vein. Angiologia 2004 , 56 (5), pp. 481-490.
  • ZAMBONI, GIANESINI S.,MENEGATTI E., TACCONI G., PALAZZO A., LIBONI A., Great saphenous varicose vein surgery without saphenofemoral junction disconnection, Br. J. Surg., 2010 Jun, 97(6): pp. 820–5.EVA et Al.: CHIVA – ECOGRAPHIC ASPECTS AND SURGICAL RESULTS
  • Maxilo-facial surgery volume 18 • issue 1 January / March 2014 • pp. 64-70EVA,, TIUTIUCA, R., & STANCIU, C. (2014). CHIVA-ECOGRAPHIC ASPECTS AND SURGICAL RESULTS. International Journal of Medical Dentistry, 18(1).
  • MALDONADO-FERNANDEZet : Clinical results of a new strategy (modified CHIVA) for surgical treatment of anterior accessory great saphenous varicose veins. Cir Esp. 2016 Mar;94(3):144-50.
  • ZMUDZINSKI M,MALO P, HALL C, HAYASHI , CHIVA – A prospective study of a vein sparing technique for the management of varicose vein disease, Am. J. Surg., 2017, 213: pp. 967–969.
  • FRANCESCHI C, Bahnini A, Cappelli M, Cuaranta RL, Dadon M, Delfrate R, Ermini S, Gianesini S, Mendoza E, Passariello F, Puskas  : Commentary on the article “A prospective study of a vein sparing technique for the management of varicose vein disease” by M Zmudzinski et al. Am J Surg. 2018 Nov;216(5):1035.
  • Faccini, F. P., Ermini, S., & Franceschi, C. (2019). CHIVAto treat saphenous vein insufficiency in chronic venous disease: characteristics and  Jornal Vascular Brasileiro, 18.

ARTICLES COMPARING CHIVA RECURRENCES / CLINICAL DATA WITH OTHER PROCEDURES EMPLOING NOT RANDOMIZED STUDIES

（Non-randomized studies comparing recurrence rates and clinical data of CHIVA with other surgical procedures）

  • Gorny, P., Blanchemaison, P., Chahine, D., Hutinel, B., & Chanvallon, C. (1995). Chirurgie conservatrice et ambulatoire: étude comparative entre Chiva et crossectomie chez 321 patients opérés de la saphène interne. Discussion. Phlébologie, 48(2), 255-259.
  • CAPPELLI,MOLINO LOVA R., ERMINI S., TURCHI A., BONO G., BAHANINI A.,FRANCESCHI C.I., La Cure CHIVA dans le traitement de la Maladie Variqueuse: analyse critique des résultats après trois ans, Ann. Chir. Vasc., 1996.
  • MAESO, JUAN J., ESCRIBANO J., ALLEGUEN.M.,DIMATTEO A.,GONZALEZE.,MATAS M.: Comparison of clinical outcome of stripping and CHIVA for treatment of varicose veins in the lower extremities Ann. Vasc. Surg., 2001, 15: pp. 661–5.
  • NOPPENEY, T., Noppeney, J., Kurth, I.: Results of standard varicose vein surgery (2002) Zentralblatt fur Chirurgie, 127 (9), pp. 748-751.
  • MARIA et Al. : Varicose disease of lower limbs: What kind of treatment? Personal experience Chirurgia 2008, 21 (4), pp. 195-198.
  • Solís, V., Ribé, L., Portero, J. L., & Rio, J. (2009). Stripping saphenectomy, CHIVA and laser ablation for the treatment of the saphenous vein insufficiency. Ambul Surg, 15(1), 11-4.
  • Franceschi, (2010). “Stripping versus the CHIVA Method” par Claude Franceschi. Angéiologie, 62(4).
  • MILONE, SALVATORE G.,MAIETTA P., SOSA FERNANDEZL.M.,MILONE F.,Recurrent varicose veins of the lower limbs after surgery. Role of surgical technique (stripping vs. CHIVA) and surgeon’s experience, G. Chir., 2011, p. 32.
  • CHANCY et : Retrospective comparison of clinical outcomes between endovenous laser and saphenous vein-sparing surgery for treatment of varicose veins. World J Surg. 2011 Jul;35(7):1679-86.
  • DKELLEHER, T R A Lane, I J Franklin and A H Davies: Treatment options, clinical outcome (quality of life) and cost benefit (quality-adjusted life year) in varicose vein treatment Phlebology 2012;27 Suppl 1:16–22.
  • DE FRANCISCIS S. et Al. : Hemodynamic surgery versus conventional surgery in chronicvenous disease: a multicenter retrospective  ACTA PHLEBOL. 2013; 14; 109-114
  • WANG, CHEN Q., FEI Z., ZHENG E., YANG Z., HUANG X., HEMODYNAMIC CLASSICATION AND CHIVA TREATMENT OF VARICOSE VEINS IN LOWER EXTREMITIES(VVLE) Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med., 2016, 9(2): pp. 2465–2471.

ARTICLES COMPARING CHIVA RECURRENCES / CLINICAL DATA WITH OTHER PROCEDURES EMPLOING RANDOMIZED STUDIES (RCT)

（Non-randomized studies comparing recurrence rates and clinical data of CHIVA with other surgical procedures）

  • ZAMBONI,CISNO C.,MARCHETTIF.,MAZZA P.,FOGATO L.,CARANDINA S.,DE PALMA M., LIBONI A., Minimally invasive surgical management of primary venous ulcers vs. compression treatment: a randomized clinical trial, Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg., 2003 Apr, 25(4): pp. 313–8
  • CARANDINA, MARI C., DE PALMA M., MARCELLINO M.G., CISNO C., LEGNAROA., LIBONI A., ZAMBONI P., Varicose vein stripping vs haemodynamic correction (CHIVA): a long term randomised trial, Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg., 2008 Feb, 35(2): pp.230–7.
  • IBORRA–ORTEGA, BARJAU–URREA E., VILA–COLL R., BALLÓN–CARAZASH.,CAIROLS–CASTELLOTE M.A., Estudio comparativo de dos técnicas quirúrgicas en el tratamientode las varices de las extremidades inferiores: resultados tras cinco años de seguimiento, ANGIOLOGÍA, 2006, 58(6): pp. 459-468.
  • PARÉSO., JUAN J., TELLEZ R., MATA A., MORENO C., QUER F.X., SUAREZ D.,CODONY I., ROCA J., Varicose vein surgery: stripping versus the CHIVA method: a randomized controlled trial, Ann. Surg., 2010 Apr, 251(4): pp. 624–31.

Cochrane Reviews and Meta-analyses

（Systematic reviews and meta-analyses on CHIVA）

  • BELLMUNT–MONTOYA S., ESCRIBANO J.M., DILME J., MARTINEZ–ZAPATA M.J. Title: CHIVA method for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency. Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2013 Jul 3, (7): CD009648.
  • BELLMUNT-MONTOYA S., ESCRIBANO J.M., DILME J., MARTINEZ-ZAPATA M.J. Title: CHIVA method for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency. Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2015 Jun 29, (6): CD009648.
  • GUO L., ET AL. Title: Long-term efficacy of different procedures for treatment of varicose veins: A network meta-analysis. Source: Medicine (Baltimore), 2019 Feb, 98(7): e14495.

ARTICLES OF GENERAL REVIEW

（General review articles on CHIVA）

  • Mendoza E. CHIVA 1988-2008: Review of studies on the CHIVA method and its development in different countries. Gefässchirurgie. 2008; 13(4): 249–256.

  • Agus GB. Thirty years of new venous hemodynamic concept and teaching. Acta Phlebologica. 2019 Aug; 20(2): 33–36.

  • Mendoza E. Primum non nocere. Veins and Lymphatics. 2017; 6(2): 6703.

  • Franceschi C. CHIVA 30 years later: Scientific and ethical considerations. Veins and Lymphatics. 2019; 8(2): 8243.

BOOKS and CHAPTERS OF OTHER BOOKS

（Books and Chapters in Professional Texts on CHIVA）

  • FRANCESCHI C. Title: Théorie et pratique de la cure conservatrice et hémodynamique de l’insuffisance veineuse en ambulatoire [CHIVA]. Source: Éditions de l’Armançon, 1988.
  • ZAMBONI P. Title: La chirurgia conservativa del sistema venoso superficiale. Source: Edizioni Minerva Medica, 1996.
  • CAPPELLI M., ERMINI S., MOLINO LOVA R. Chapter: La correzione emodinamica o cura CHIVA (pp. 431-456). Book: Trattato di Flebologia e Linfologia, Vol 1. Editor: Sergio Mancini. UTET, 2001.
  • MENDOZA E. Title: CHIVA: Ein Handbuch. Source: Wunstorf: Arrien Verlag, 2002.
  • CAPPELLI M., MOLINO LOVA R., ERMINI S. Chapter: Chirurgia conservativa emodinamica (pp. 177-187). Book: Chirurgia delle vene e dei linfatici. Editor: Giuseppe Genovese. Masson, 2003.
  • ESCRIBANO J.M. Title: Cirugía Hemodinámica en el tratamiento de la insuficiencia venosa superficial. Source: Doctoral Thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2006.
  • FRANCESCHI C., ZAMBONI P. Title: Principles of Venous Hemodynamics. Source: Nova Biomedical Books, 2009.
  • DELFRATE R. Title: A new diagnostic approach to varicose veins: Haemodynamic evaluation and treatment. Source: Dioni, Lorena, 2014.
  • ZAMBONI P., MENDOZA E., GIANESINI S. Title: Saphenous Vein-Sparing Strategies in Chronic Venous Disease. Source: Springer, 2018.
  • JORDI JUAN SAMSÓ. Title: La cura CHIVA en el tratamiento de las varices primarias de las extremidades inferiores. Source: 2019.
  • Y. Pei et al. Title: Comparison between radiofrequency ablation and CHIVA procedure in patients with varicose veins. Source: Meta-analysis, 2023.
  • H.T. Kiziltan; S. Ermini; C. Franceschi. Title: CHIVA in the light of long-term studies and awareness of saphenous preservation. Source: Turkish Journal of Vascular Surgery, 2025.
  • L.M.I. Lamoca et al. Title: High-intensity-focused ultrasound treatment for the chronic venous disease based on the Cure Conservatrice et Hémodynamique de l’Insuffisance Veineuse en Ambulatoire (CHIVA) strategy. Source: JVS: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders / PubMed, 2025.
  • Stefano Ricci. Title: CHIVA for dummies. Source: Phlebology/Pubmed, 2024.
  • DELFRATE R., et al. Title: CHIVA strategy in the treatment of venous insufficiency. Source: JTAVR (Journal of Traditional and Alternative Vascular Review), 2023.
  • F.P. Faccini ∙ S. Ermini ∙ C. Franceschi. Title: CHIVA to Treat Saphenous Vein Insufficiency in Chronic Venous Disease: Characteristics and Results. Source: Journal of Vascular Surgery(JVS), 2020.
  • CASA DI CURA PIACENZA. Title: Legatura delle vene varicose CHIVA (Clinical Practice and Guidelines). Source: Casadicura.pc.it, 2024.
  • R.A. Bishara ∙ A. Gaweesh ∙ W. Taha ∙ M.M. Tolba ∙ J. Shalhoub. Title: Impact of great saphenous vein ablation on healing and recurrence of venous leg ulcers in patients with post-thrombotic syndrome: A retrospective comparative study. Source: Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders, 2024.
    D. Curbelo ∙ I. Lancaster ∙ A. Yaylayan ∙ M. Krolick. Title: Extensive Collateral Venous Circulation and Anatomic Remodeling in Chronic Deep Vein Thrombosis. Source: Case Reports in Cardiology, 2026.
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